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INFLUENCE OF HOME ENVIRONMENT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
This work discusses influence of home environment on the academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria
.A hundred and twenty questionnaires were distributed among students and teachers from selected secondary schools in Nigeria. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data will be used in the analysis. Tables and percentages will also be used as the instrument of analysis
It will be observed therefore that home environment have a strong and significant impact on the academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This research work is an influence of home environment on the academic performance of secondary school students in Owerri Municipal. Home environment is one of the problem most developing countries are faced with. This is due to low level of development on technology, despite the extra miles instructors have gone to make sure that students’ performance become laudable, the end does not seem to justify the means. The cause of this cancerous failure and ways to enhance studs’ academic performance is the aim of this research work.
1.1 Background to the Study
Over a period to time, it has been observed the students who are exposed to the same lesson by the same teachers are likely to perform differently when they are evaluated.
According to Fagbamiye (1977). The Board of Education or Ministry of Education would wide suspected teaching methodology and classroom teachers as being the cause at the problem yet it seems to persist. This shows that outside the school environment, students are faced with other factors that influence their academic performances. There is also clear distinction between the gifted children and offers, but even at that there are factors that influence the academic of both gifted and non-gifted children which can not be traced to the school environment.
According to Nwosu (2001) most development countries of the world are faced with problem of limited data on the influence of the home environment on secondary school student academic performance. This is due to low level of development on technology. He further stated that no nation can raise above the level of Education provided for it citizens.
According to daily sun of April Monday 16th 2007, there are social, political, economic, religions diplomatic and other development instabilities which tend to hamper educational practices. Hence many uncontrolled variables are responsible for academic performance of secondary school students.
Education has one of its basic tasks as to train young people to become useful members of the society and this training begins at home in the informal way. The home of the child is the first place he enters as he is born into the world by his or her parents.
The home environment means that family background of the child, which includes all the human and material resources present in the home that affects child’s living such as the parent’s level of education, occupation, social-economic status and the socializing facilities available in the house. Thus the home is the basic in situation for providing the child’s primary socialization and laying the educational foundation for the child upon which the other agents of socialization build. As a result of the great need for training of the young people, the government has come into guide and helps the home and schools this great task by providing the national policy on education which contains the national objectives for education.
National Policy on education (2004) has it that the board areas of secondary education are as follows:
a. Useful living within the society
b. Higher education
In specific terms secondary education hall
a. Provide all primary school learners with the opportunity for education of a higher level irrespective of sex, social, status religious or ethnic background.
b. Offer diversified curriculum to cater for the differences in talents opportunities and future role.
c. Develop and promote Nigeria language, arts and culture in the contest of words cultural heritage.
d. In spire students with a desire for self improvement achievement of excellence.
e. Foster national unity with an emphasis on the common ties that unite us in our diversity.
f. Raise a generation of people who can think for themselves respect the views and feelings of other respects the dignity of labour appreciate these value specified under our board national goals and lives as good citizens.
g. Provide technical knowledge and vocational skill necessary for agricultural industrial commercial and economic development.
h. Provide trained man power in the applied science technology and commercial at sub-professional grades.
According to Abubakar (1990), the education which a child receives from his or her parents is most likely to have a highly significant and dominant effect on his behaviour in his later life invariably what the child learns at home and how his family motivates him toward education contributes to the child’s success or failure at school. The environment plays a very remarkable role in the life of every individual and the educational aspect is also affected.
There are home environment factors such as:
a. Parents level of education.
b. Occupation and socio-economic status.
c. Family size and type
d. Motivation and possession of certain facilities at home etc which influence the student’s academic performance. In this study we are to discuss and examine some of these factors in detail as they affect student performance at school.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Statistics on academic performance of secondary school students has it that there has been a persistence poor performance of secondary school student. This implies that students who are exposed to some teaching and learning experience perform differently. It has also been proved by psychologists that difference in intelligence is not the only factors responsible for the difference in performance of students.
Moreover, very scanty attention has been given to most aspects of home background of students like parental level of education, parental occupation, family size and type of family as it affects their academic performance. The problem of this research work is to find out the influence of secondary schools students.
1.3 Scope of the Study
This study will be done using government owned secondary schools in Owerri Municipal Nigeria. It will examine low variables such as parental occupation, parent level of education, the size of the family and type of the family affect the child’s academic performance at the secondary school level.
1.4 Purpose of the Study
Due to the increasing difference in the academic performance of students regarding the home as being the foundation ground for the child. It has been observed that at least 60-65 percent of what the child does and achieves in life is influenced by his or her home environment.
Having listed the home environmental factor above the study. Therefore tends to find out:
a. Whether parent level of education should determine the academic performance of the student.
b. if the academic performance of students are dependent on their parents occupation.
c. Whether the student academic performance has relationship with the size of the family to which the belong.
d. The extent to which type of family would affect the academic performance of students.
1.5 Significance of the Study
The significance of this study to the teachers is that it will serve as a guide that would enable them understand their students and know the approach or method to adopt in teaching so as to bridge the gap of variation in academic performance and how to organize to use to see that every student is carried along no matter his or her family’s condition.
Furthermore, the findings and recommendations would be useful to the government, curriculum planners and examination bodies in policy making and in planning educational strategies for Nigeria students.
Finally, this work will be a guideline to the future researcher who will carryout their research work on this area. It will raise more question on the home environment and it effect on the academic performance of secondary school students and open up new areas of study.
1.6 Research Questions
The conduct of this study will be guided by the following research question:
1. To what extent does parents level of education influence secondary school students academic performance?
2. To what extent does family size influence the secondary school student’s academic performance?
3. To what extent does parent’s occupation affect the secondary school student academic performance?
4. Does the type of family structure affect the secondary school student’s academic performance?
1.7 Research Hypotheses
1. There is no significant relationship between the parents level of education and secondary school student academic performance.
2. There is no significant relationship between parents occupation and secondary school students academic performance.
3. There is no significant relationship between the family size and academic performance of secondary school students.
4. There is no significant relationship? Between family structure and student academic performance in schools, secondary school precisely.
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