DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE PRESSURE SWIRL NOZZLE AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS

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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE PRESSURE SWIRL NOZZLE AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the structure and performance of the pressure swirl nozzle and the study of liquid atomization. In this study, the atomizer has been designed and some experiments have been performed on it. Since image processing is an efficient method for measuring the size of the droplet and since it considerably reduces the total measuring time and eliminates the subjective observer’s error in sizing and counting spray drops, a digital camera has been used for capturing images and image processing has been done by the MATLAB software. The results show that by increasing the atomization air pressure, the spray angle increases and the droplet’s size decreases. It is concluded that the spray angle is a function of the atomization air pressure and orifice diameter. Moreover, when the distance from the spray centre line increases, the droplet’s average

velocity decreases.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The prediction of droplet size distributions for atomization nozzles is important for the process design and the improvement of industrial spraying processes. In one of the recent researches, the spray flow structure, droplet Sauter mean diameter, and droplet impingement energy were characterized at predefined axial distances and pressure drops. It was found that the spray cone produced by the pressure swirl nozzles changes from a hollow cone to a full cone as the axial distance increases. The droplet’s size initially decreases with the increasing of the axial distance but subsequently increases in the investigated range of the axial distance, while the droplet impinging Weber number decreases monotonously. An experimental study on the spray characteristics, including mass flow rate, spray flux distribution, spray cone angle and drop size spectrum, was conducted. Based on the experimental data, the curves of the flow rate and spray cone angle versus the nozzle pressure drop were obtained. Several typical spray flux distributions were derived and the results indicated that the flux distribution changes significantly even with small pressure changes. Thus, it was proposed that the instability of the spray flux distribution should be considered in the pressurizer. In a new study, the spray cone-angle of the full cone nozzles is measured by the evaluation of images recorded with a camera by using the IMAGE J software.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Correlations for the coefficient of discharge, spray cone angle and Sauter mean diameter are suggested on the basis of the experimental results made an important contribution by making the full linear stability analysis of a helical column of fluid in zero gravity and they successfully compared their prediction with the experimental data collected through high-speed imaging.

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