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HEMOSTATIC AND HEMATOLOGICAL STUDIES OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF BIDENS PILOSA IN WISTAR RATS
ABSTRACT
Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) also known as hairy beggar ticks, common names include; ‘Ogwunma’; ‘Gyeya'(Igbo, Birom, Nigeria) and is one of the medicinal plant species worldwide. Among the Birom tribes in Plateau State, Nigeria Bidens pilosa is used as vegetable to prepare the local delicacy called ghote and also the sap from crushed leaves is used to speed up clotting of blood in fresh wounds. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Bidens pilosa leaves on selected haemostatic and haematological profile in Wistar rats. Phytochemical tests were carried out on Bidens pilosa leave extract (BPLE) to detect the presence of metabolites. Lorke’s method was employed for Acute Toxicity studies to determine the LD50 of the B.pilosa extract while in sub-chronic toxicity study, graded doses of BPLE ranging 200-800 mg/kg b.w and distilled water were orally administered daily for 28 days. Sample collection of rats was done prior to administration of extract (Day 0) for base line studies and on days 14 and 28 for evaluation and monitoring of the effect of the aqueous extract of B.Pilosa on some selected haemostatic and haematological profile. The haemostatic profile was determined using Prothrombin Time Test(PTT),Activated Partial thromboplatin Time (APTT) and Thrombin Time Test(TT). The haematological profile was determined using Auto Haematology Analyser BC280 Vet. The BPLE was found to contain some metabolites such as flavonoids, cardiac glycosides ,saponins, tannins carbohydrates and alkaloids. No mortality was recorded during the studies in rats. Generally, significant increase at P
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