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EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL OF MILLLET THRESH WASTE PRODUCTION IN THE NIGERIAN SAVANNA
ABSTRACT
The effect of Millet (Pennesetum americanum l,. ) thresh waste (MTW) applied in different proportions with cow dung (CD) with and without inorganic fertilizers, on the growth, yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) was evaluated in the green house and field at Samaru using two soil textural types a sandy loam from Minjibir Jigawa state (latitude 12°-8’N and longitude 8°-40’E a loam from Samaru Kaduna state (latitude 11°-11’N and longitude 7°-38,E. The treatments consisted of 100% MTW / 0% CD: 75% MTW / 25% CD; 50% MTW / 50% CD; 25% MTW / 75% CD and 0% MTW / 100% CD each applied at 5 and lOt ha”1 with and without inorganic fertilizer. There were three controls, .absolute control without amendment and Fertilizer, half and full doses of recommended rates of fertilizer for maize. Urea, ingle superphosphate and muriate of potash were used. The treatments were replicated three times in a randomized complete block design. During the first cropping in the green house, maize plant height, dry matter yield (DMY) and nutrient uptake increased as the proportion of CD increased in the mixture irrespective of the rate and ferlllizer used. The reverse was the case as the proportion of MTW increased in the mixtures, tor DMY, values obtained with 100% CD / 0% MTW applied at lOt ha”1 was 161.40 and 130.80% higher than those obtained from absolute control for Minjibir and Samaru soils, respectively. For these parameters, mixtures containing 75% CD and above applied at 5t ha” with fertilizer gave values comparable to when the recommended dose of fertilizer was applied. When 100% CD / 0%MTW was applied at both 5 and l0 t ha , DMY was significantly higher than at half the recommended dose of fertilizer in Samaru soil. However, when 100% MTW /0% CD was applied at 5 and lO t ha-1 values compared favourably with half recommended dose of fertilizer. The trend during the second cropping was a reverse of what was obtained after the first cropping. For example, plant height, DMY and nutrient uptake increased as the proportion of MTW increased in the mixtures and decreased as the proportion of CD increased in the mixtures. in the field study, grain and stover yields increased as the proportion of CD increased in the mixtures and decreased as the proportion of MTW increased in the mixtures. In the absence of fertilizer, only 100% CD at 5t ha-1 – and mixtures containing 75% CD applied at lOt ha-1 gave yields that compared favourably with the half and full doses of fertilizers. Addition of inorganic fertilizer to the mixtures generally increased plant height, grain and stover yields over their corresponding mixtures without fertilizer and the absolute control. All mixtures applied at both rates with fertilizer gave higher grain yields than the recommended dose of fertilizer, with the exception of 100% MTW / 0% CD at 5t ha-1. Correlation studies indicate that DMY and nutrient uptake were strongly correlated, irrespective of rate, fertilizer and soil. Similar result was observed between nutrient uptake and plant height.
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