ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420
WHATSAPP US ON 08137701720
LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF CARICA PAPAYA LINN AND DACROYDES EDULIS (G.DON) H.J LAM ON THREE MOSQUITO SPECIES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
Mosquitoes are an ancient group of insects which have persisted for millions of years. Through the process of evolution, nature has superbly perfected them that they may survive under the most adverse and diverse of environmental conditions (Manimegalai and Sukanaya, 2014). Mosquitoes have been a problem for people all over the world as long as humans have existed. They are the most nuisance creatures of nature and the most medically important arthropod vectors of diseases to humans (Beernste et al., 2000; Arti et al., 2012). They are responsible for the transmission of dengue, malaria, yellow fever, filariasis (Ali et al., 2013), hemorrhagic fever, Japanese encephalitis and other diseases which are today among the greatest health problems in the world. Mosquitoes contribute to social debility and poverty in tropical countries (Rajkumar and Jebanesan, 2005; Alam et al., 2011).
Tropical areas are more susceptible to parasitic diseases and the risk of contracting arthropod borne illnesses is increasing due to climate change and rising temperatures worldwide. Trade and unplanned urbanization have also contributed to the impact of disease transmission in recent years. Mosquitoes have been declared public enemy number one by the World Health Organization and they belong to three genera; (anopheles, culex and aedes) responsible for the transmission of diseases to more than 700 million people annually and are responsible for one (1) death in every seventeen (17) people alive (El-Bahnasawy et al., 2013).
Although an ancient and historical disease, malaria persists in many parts of the world today (Hall and Fauci, 2009). Malaria causes human mortality single-handedly killing nearly 3 million people yearly. Malaria fever is one of the deadliest diseases ravaging Africa (Ubulom et al., 2012). It is estimated to have killed between 537,000 and 907,000 in 2010 alone, 86% being children under the age of five with more than 40% of the world‟s population living in malaria endemic areas (Massebo et al., 2009) and an estimated 3.3 billion people in 109 countries are at risk of contacting this serious and often life threatening disease (Hall and Fauci, 2009; Alam et al., 2010)
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420