EVALUATING ABNORMAL HAEMOGLOBIN VARIANTS, ABO AND RHESUS BLOOD GROUP AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN

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EVALUATING ABNORMAL HAEMOGLOBIN VARIANTS, ABO AND RHESUS BLOOD GROUP AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN

ABSTRACT

In view of the association of various haemoglobin genotypes and blood groups with different pathological conditions and the risk of alloimmunization from allogeneic blood transfusion seen in patients with sickle cell disease, the incidence of haemoglobin variants, ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups in Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Nigeria, was assessed. This is a retrospective study using medical records of 1122 students (between 18-25 years old) of LAUTECH. Out of the 1122 students, 71.03% were HbAA, 22.19% HbAS, 5.26% HbAC, 0.54% HbSS, 0.80% HbSC and 0.18% HbCC. No incidence of HbSS, HbSC and HbCC in male. The frequencies of A, B, AB and O blood groups were 21.30, 22.73, 2.85 and 53.12%, respectively. The 93.32% were Rhesus positive (Rh+), while the remaining 6.68% were Rhesus negative (Rh¯). Results from this study show a low prevalence of abnormal haemoglobin variants. Blood group O was most predominant, while blood group AB was least dominant. In conclusion, this study shows that there is a decline in the prevalence of haemoglobinopathies in the studied area. Also, routine haemolysin test should be conducted on every group O blood before blood transfusion to reduce the risk of transfusion reaction since some group O blood, which is the predominant blood group, is known to contain immune haemolytic antibodies.

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