INVESTIGATING CAUSES AND EFFECT OF MEASLES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN OFU LGA, KOGI STATE

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INVESTIGATING CAUSES AND EFFECT OF MEASLES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN OFU LGA, KOGI STATE

Abstract

This study investigates the causes and effects of measles on the academic performance of primary school children in Ofu Local Government Area, Kogi State. Measles, a highly contagious viral disease, poses significant health risks to children, particularly in regions with limited access to vaccinations and healthcare. This research aims to identify the primary factors contributing to the spread of measles among primary school children in Ofu LGA and to analyze the impact of the disease on students’ academic performance, attendance, and overall well-being. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and academic records of affected children, alongside insights from healthcare providers and school administrators. Findings indicate that limited vaccination coverage, poor health awareness, and inadequate healthcare facilities are major contributors to the incidence of measles. Moreover, children affected by measles show significant declines in academic performance due to prolonged absences, cognitive impairment related to illness, and decreased focus upon returning to school. The study concludes that improving vaccination outreach, enhancing community health education, and strengthening school-based health programs are critical to mitigating the effects of measles on children’s education. Recommendations are made for policy interventions to improve healthcare access and vaccination rates in rural areas, which could substantially enhance academic outcomes for primary school students in Ofu LGA.

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Measles remains a serious public health challenge worldwide, especially in developing regions where access to vaccination and healthcare services is limited. The disease is highly contagious and can spread rapidly, particularly in areas with low immunization rates. In Nigeria, outbreaks of measles are common and pose significant health risks to children, who are the most vulnerable to the disease. Ofu Local Government Area (LGA) in Kogi State is one such region where measles outbreaks have persisted, primarily affecting school-aged children who congregate in close quarters within school environments. These outbreaks not only affect the health of the children but also have considerable implications on their academic performance due to absences, fatigue, and reduced cognitive function resulting from illness.

Research has shown that measles can lead to complications such as pneumonia, diarrhea, and malnutrition, all of which can contribute to prolonged school absences and compromised academic capabilities. Given the critical role of education in a child’s development and future prospects, understanding the impact of health issues like measles on academic performance is essential. This study focuses on primary school children in Ofu LGA, investigating both the causes of measles outbreaks and the specific ways in which the disease affects the learning and academic outcomes of affected children.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Despite national and global efforts to eradicate measles through vaccination programs, cases continue to emerge, especially in rural areas like Ofu LGA. A significant percentage of children in this region remain unvaccinated or partially vaccinated, increasing their vulnerability to measles outbreaks. This situation has not only health implications but also educational consequences, as affected children often miss school for extended periods. These absences, combined with the physical and cognitive toll of the illness, may lead to declines in academic performance. This study seeks to address the gaps in understanding how measles impacts school attendance, academic achievement, and overall learning outcomes among primary school children in Ofu LGA.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of this study is to investigate the causes and effects of measles on the academic performance of primary school children in Ofu LGA, Kogi State. Specifically, the study aims to:

Identify the primary factors contributing to the spread of measles among primary school children in Ofu LGA.

Assess the impact of measles on school attendance and academic performance of affected children.

Evaluate the role of vaccination programs and healthcare access in reducing measles incidence in the region.

Propose recommendations to mitigate the effects of measles on children’s education in Ofu LGA.

1.4 Research Questions

To guide the study, the following research questions have been formulated:

What are the main factors contributing to the spread of measles among primary school children in Ofu LGA?

How does measles affect the academic performance and school attendance of primary school children?

To what extent does vaccination coverage influence the incidence of measles in Ofu LGA?

What strategies can be implemented to reduce the effects of measles on academic performance in primary schools?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

The following hypotheses will be tested in this study:

H1: There is a significant relationship between vaccination coverage and the incidence of measles among primary school children in Ofu LGA.

H2: Measles significantly affects the academic performance and school attendance of primary school children in Ofu LGA.

H3: There is a significant association between access to healthcare facilities and the rate of measles infections in Ofu LGA.

1.6 Significance of the Study

This study is significant for several reasons. Firstly, it provides valuable insights into the underlying causes of measles outbreaks in Ofu LGA, which can inform targeted interventions to improve vaccination coverage and public health awareness. Secondly, by highlighting the impact of measles on academic performance, the study underscores the importance of integrating health and education policies to protect children’s well-being and learning opportunities. Lastly, the study’s findings may serve as a resource for policymakers, health workers, and educators in formulating strategies to reduce the incidence of measles and improve academic outcomes for children in affected regions.

1.7 Scope of the Study

The scope of this study is limited to primary school children in Ofu Local Government Area, Kogi State. It examines the causes of measles transmission within this demographic and assesses the academic impact of the disease on students enrolled in primary schools in the region. The study focuses specifically on the correlation between health (measles infection) and academic performance, and it considers factors such as school attendance, cognitive effects, and access to healthcare services.

1.8 Definition of Key Terms

Measles: A highly contagious viral infection that causes symptoms such as fever, cough, rash, and can lead to serious health complications.

Academic Performance: A measure of a student’s achievement in their educational curriculum, often reflected in test scores, grades, and attendance records.

Vaccination: The process of administering a vaccine to stimulate an individual’s immune response to protect against disease.

Primary School Children: Young students typically between the ages of 6 and 12, enrolled in primary education.

Healthcare Access: The availability and quality of health services that individuals can access, which influences overall health outcomes.

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