STANDARDISED 3 DIMENSIONAL GROSS ANATOMICAL MODELLING OF THE THORAX OF SOUTHERN NIGERIAN MADE

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STANDARDISED 3 DIMENSIONAL GROSS ANATOMICAL MODELLING OF THE THORAX OF SOUTHERN NIGERIAN MADE

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Spine morphometry is of global interest because of its great importance in prosthetics,

orthopedics, and biomechanics. The present study was carried out to provide a comprehensive

morphometric data of typical thoracic vertebrae in Nigeria. Material and Methods: A total of 208

typical thoracic vertebrae which consist of 26 set of macerated adult male vertebrae, were studied by direct measurements of the vertebral body, vertebral foramen, pedicle, lamina, spinous and transverse processes, and superior and inferior articular processes. Digital Vernier Caliper was used to measure

internal and external distances. Data collected were statistically analyzed and mean values were

presented in a mean ± standard deviation. Results: Anterior vertebral body height (VBH) gradually

increased to a maximum value at T9 (18.83 ± 1.54 mm) and minimum at T2 (16.93 ± 1.57 mm).

Mean value of posterior VBH was minimum at T2 (17.59 ± 1.43 mm) and maximum at

T9 (20.46 ± 3.08 mm). Width of spinous process tip had relatively stable values from T2 to T9 with

the maximum at T2 (5.05 ± 1.36 mm). Lamina thickness mean values were relatively stable from T2

to T9 with a maximum value at T9 level (7.30 ± 1.24 mm) and the minimum at T2 (6.60 ± 1.16 mm).

Discussion and Conclusion: Superior and inferior articular surfaces and Laminae were reported for

the first time which contributes to the novelty of this study. These findings will serve as a guidepost

in the understanding and design of well‑fitted materials for the typical thoracic vertebrae, which will

enhance preclinical and clinical evaluation of vertebral implants, prosthetics, and management of spine pathology.

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