BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420
WHATSAPP US ON 08137701720
EFFECTS OF UREA AND LIME TREATED GROUNDNUT SHELL IN MIXED DIETS ON NUTRIENT INTAKE AND in situ DEGRADATION IN YANKASA RAMS
ABSTRACT
The effects of alkali chemical treatment using urea, lime and urea-lime on the nutritive value of groundnut shell (GNS) were examined based on chemical composition, degradation characteristics, voluntary intake, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen balance. The treatment diets, T1, T2, T3, and T4 contained untreated (UT) GNS, urea treated (U) GNS, lime treated (L) GNS and urea-lime treated (UL) GNS respectively mixed with maize offal, cotton seed cake, bone meal and salt; were fed to 4 yearling Yankasa rams in a 4×4 Latin square arrangement with four periods of 15 days. The animals were kept in individual metabolism cages. The GNS were treated with 5% urea, 5% lime and 5% (2.5% urea and 2.5% lime mixed together) urea-lime, ensiled for a period of 3 weeks. The diets were formulated to contain 14% crude protein. Feed was offered without restriction and water was supplied ad libitum. The results revealed significant improvements in all the parameters measured. Voluntary intake increased significantly (P<0.05) in rams fed UTGNS and ULGNS based diets and was lower (p<0.05) in the UGNS group. The in situ rumen degradation characteristics of both the GNS test materials and the GNS based diets DM were determined. While DM disappearance was higher (P<0.05) in UTGNS based diets, its DM degradability was lower (P<0.05) than the other treatments. The UTGNS based diets had lower (p<0.05) DM degradability than the treated group while the ULGNS based ration was improved compared to other treatments. DMD indicated an increase in the ULGNS based diet. On the other hand, LGNS based diet group had the best (P<0.05) nitrogen retention as compared to other treatments. The overall results suggests that treatment with urea and lime on GNS increased the CP content by 100%, improved take by 5.7g/day, increased DMD by 7.4% and increased the DM disappearance at all incubation periods in Yankasa rams.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420