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OPTIMUM WATER REQUIREMENT FOR TOMATO PRODUCTION UNDER SMALL-SCALE BASIN IRRIGATION SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
Six different amounts of water : 97, 125, 150, 175, 200 and 220mm designated as treatments A, B, C, D, E and F were applied to six basins of the same size (2m x 2m), respectively. Tomato (Pevabo) variety was used as a trial crop. Irrigation interval of 7 days was used throughout the season. Three plot units were established according to slope variation of the land with each unit having a different land slope. Double ring infiltrometer was used to determine the infiltration rates of the plots and the values obtained indicated the soil to be suitable for irrigation due to its moderate intake rate and the soil textural classification. The net seasonal water requirement for the crop under study was in the range of 517.29 – 665.32mm for all the treatments. Optimum net water requirement of 543.00mm and peak evapotranspiration of 13.5mm/day were obtained from treatment B indicating a fairly good result. Tomato yields obtained for the treatments were generally satisfactory.Treatment B gave the maximum yield of 14.225 t/ha, while the lowest yield of 9.272 t/ha was obtained for treatment F. A total yield of 11.691 t/ha was obtained for all the treatments. Treatment B was found to perform better than all the other treatments in terms of crop yield revenue generated, production cost, profit realized and cost-recovery. Irrigation water cost of N6316.80 per hectare per season, that is, N451.20 per hectare per irrigation was obtained for treatment B which was moderate and much more economical since maximum yield, highest income and profit were attained. Treatment F had the lowest performance. Thus, treatment B (125mm) amount of water applied performed above average and is the most suitable and appropriate amount of water to be applied for maximum crop yield for self sustenance and profit making in a small scale irrigation system using 2m x 2m basin sizes with streamsize provided by GX140 Honda irrigation pump.
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